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Name: Andrea Dugonicius
Date: 18th century
Region: Szecseny [modern Hungary]
Citation: The Argonauts, or the Golden Fleece
Book 8, p. 203 (1778)
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Caeneus and Tiresias were seen as the archetypal trans heroes of Greek
myth, and occasionally their stories were conflated. In this account of
Caeneus, the author here is using elements from the myths of both Tiresias [who
transforms from a woman back into a man after seven years] and the myth of
Iphis [who was transformed into a man on his wedding day].
We had scarcely left sight of Delos and were
contemplating what we’d learned. I wasn’t the only one who was worried about
the prophecies we’d been given in the shrine. Everyone was either really happy
or really terrified about it, but nobody was more worried than Caeneus, for Apollo predicted
that he would again become a woman.
I told him, “Hey, Caeneus, buddy, what’s going on?
Fill me in so I’m not still in the dark—you used to be a woman?”
He replied, “I was a woman, but now, thanks to the
blessings of Neptune, you know me as a man.”
When he didn’t respond anything else, I asked him,
friend-to-friend, to tell me more, and then Caeneus told me everything:
“My dad Elatus got a prophecy from the gods, I
guess, that he’d be killed by his firstborn daughter, so he avoided getting
married. Finally, a bunch of his friends convinced him to do so, so he married
the daughter of Antippus. When she gave birth to me and saw she’d birthed a
girl, she ignored my father’s prophecy and hid my gender and called me Caeneus.
Later on, when I became old enough to get married, I listened to my mother
Hippea’s advice and put off getting married. I kept rejecting all of the girls,
and really liked hanging out with guys. My father kept hounding me about
getting married, and even threatened me with terrible things if I didn’t obey his will. Well, he finally got his way (even though I didn’t
want to). I was betrothed to one of the Magnesian girls, and I kept praying and
giving offerings to Neptune to save me.
My prayers were so desperate, that they even found
their way underwater. For when I approached the altar on my wedding day, I felt
that I had become a man—and that everything got better when I had the body of a
man. My mind was now sharper, as well as my reasoning powers; my civic duty was
more productive; my romantic love was more purified, and more mellow; my
relationships with my friends were stronger, and finally, I gained a yearning
for true and wholesome glory. If I change back to a girl, if I lose all of
this, what will I do? What friends will I have? Where will I turn?”
This was what Caeneus was worried about.
Caeneus Tells His Story
Vix e conspectu Deli discessimus, illico variae
cogitationes mortalium animos occuparunt. Non alia potior cogitandi materies,
quam edita in Fano oracula. Suam quisque fortunam aut amabat in iis, aut
metuebat.
Sed Caeneo magis nemo angebatur, quem iterum
foeminam futurum Apollo praedixerat. “Quid vero est,” inquiebam, “mi Caeneu,
hoc ne ego ignorare adhuc potui, olim te fuisse foeminam?”
“Fui,” reposuit ille, “foemina, at nunc Neptuni beneficio virum noveris.”
Cum dein nihil reponeret, ego socium, uti rem aperiat, rogare; tum ille ita recensere historiam:
“Pater meus Elatus, nescio, quo Deorum responso certior redditus: fore, uti a filia, quam primam sustulisset, necaretur, diu a mulierum societate penitus abstinuit; tandem multis Amicorum suasionibus inductus Antippo genitam in coniugem adlegit, quae cum me in lucem ederet, et puellam videret, eorum, quae Patri responsa erant, non immemor, sexum occultavit, atque adpellavit Caeneum. Post, ubi ad eam aetatem perveni, qua uxor e civibus deligenda erat, ego Matris Hippeae monitu omne coniugium respuere, aversari omnes virgines; cum iuvenibus libenter conversari, contra urgere coniugium Pater, et, ni voluntati obsequerer, mala comminari omnia.
Vicit obstinatam. Despondi unam e Magnesiis invita, simulque Neptunum, uti nunc demum miserae succureret, voto precata, et suppliciis. Tam fervens oratio fuit, ut penetrare in maria potuerit. Cum enim ad aras accederem, virum me esse sensi, quo cum sexu omnia mihi pariter bona contigerunt: mens praestantior, et ratio; sollers cura Reipublicae; fervor in amando purior, et decoctus magis; adhoc arctum cum amicis vinculum; postremo gloriae adpetitus verae, atque solidae. His ego omnibus, si sexum mutavero, orbus, quid agam? quo me vertam socii?” Haec de sua sorte Caeneus.
Andrea Dugonicius [18th century, modern Hungary] was born in Szecseny, Hungary, and spent
his life contributing to the world as a scholar and a clergyman. One of his
most famous works was a 24 volume novel in Latin called The Argonautica.
